Conflict of Interest

Conflict of Interest

Authors, editors, and reviewers should disclose relationships or circumstances that could influence the research, review, or publication process.

Potential conflicts may include:

  • Financial relationships

  • Employment

  • Consultancy

  • Funding

  • Personal relationships

  • Professional affiliations

  • Intellectual property interests

  • Other relevant interests

Where no conflict exists, authors may state:

"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest."

Editors and reviewers should decline participation where a conflict could compromise impartiality.